SOAP….

What is SOAP?

Few years back, programs were self-contained and did everything they needed to do – get information from the user, manage databases, etc. Then networking became common – the database side was split out and we had client/server systems. The client program still did most of the work, but a database server handled the heavy stuff. Next, the CORBA and COM technologies appeared, allowing us to split the programs into smaller parts – even placing
different parts on different computers. Now, systems are becoming distributed outside the immediate enterprise, across the Internet.When we try and use DCOM or CORBA’s IIOP to talk to objects in other enterprises, however, we find a number of problems. The first is that we usually want to use a TCP port
that is blocked by a firewall. Security administrators are –quite rightly, reluctant about opening ports on their firewalls, and the more enterprises we want to talk to, the more difficult the problem becomes. Even if we succeed and connect to the other enterprise, there’s no guarantee that DCOM will work without further configuration – assuming, of course, that they’re running Microsoft servers. Even different CORBA ORBs often have trouble talking to
each other. What’s needed is a protocol that has a common implementation on all platforms and which can be carried by a commonly used transport. That’s where SOAP comes in.

SOAP is an XML-based messaging protocol. it is a specification, which defines a set of rules for structuring messagesand how to convert an object interface to an XML structure. The resulting XML can be sent to the target object by any transport protocol – such as HTTP or SMTP. Soap is particularly useful for performing RPC-style (Remote Procedure Call) request-response dialogues. It is not tied to any particular transport protocol though HTTP is popular. Nor is it tied to any particular operating system or programming language so theoretically the clients and servers in these dialogues can be running on any platform and written in any language as long as they can formulate and understand SOAP messages. As such it is an important building block for developing distributed applications that exploit functionality published as services over an intranet or the internet. Most firewalls allow external clients to send HTTP packets on port 80 (the standard port for a Web server), so SOAP packets will usually get into the enterprise which is their final destination.

How DOes SOAP Work?
Suppose client object wants to get the information from the server object. It creates a XML object with a reference to the server , interface which will be used , and method used to get results and parameters if it accepts any. Now cliient object will send this XML over http via POST method. Once server object got the XML it will invoke the method of the interface given in XML and populate the results into a xml and send it back to the client object.

Number Systems Questions

1) A 5-digit no. is taken. Sum of the first four digits (excl. the unit digit) equals sum of all the five digits. Which of the following will not divide this number necessarily ?

a) 10 b) 2 c) 4 d) 5 e) 3

2) A 128 digit no. is formed by writing the first X natural no.s in front of each other as 12345678910111213……….Find the remainder when this no. is divided by 8 ?

a) 6 b) 7 c) 2 d) 0

3) From a number M subtract 1. Take the reciprocal of the result to get the value ‘N’. Then which of the following is necessarily true?

a) (M^N) 3
c ) 1 < (M^N) < 3
d) 1< (M^N) < 5

4) Find the 28383rd term of the series : 123456789101112…..

a) 3 b) 4 c) 9 d) 7

5) If you form a subset of integers chosen between 1 to 3000 (both inclusive), such that no two integers add up to a multiple of 9, what should be the maximum no. of elements of the subset:

a) 1668 b) 1332 c) 1333 d) 1334

Understanding Overloading in Webservices.

lexicon

vendetta = grudge, feud
use = a personal vendetta

tutelage = guardianship
use = under the tutelage of

ludicrous = absurd, laughable
use = a ludicrous idea

disabuse = correct, to free from a misconception
use = He thought that all women liked children, but she soon disabused him of that idea

defer = postpone, to submit or yield
use = I defer to your judgment.

inert = inactive
use = The dog lay inert on the sofa

dehydrate = dry out
use = feeling dehydrated

congeal = solidify, as a liquid freezing, to become thick or solid
use = The blood had congealed in thick black clots

pander = cater to people’s baser instincts
use = It’s not good the way she panders to his every whim

pedestrian = common, unimaginative
use = he wrote page after page of pedestrian prose

Vocab…^

squander (verb) =
to spend or use money or supplies in a wasteful way, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage:

Use : They’ll quite happily squander a whole year’s savings on two weeks in the sun.
Ireland squandered several chances, including a penalty that cost them the game.

jurisprudence (n)
the study of law and the principles on which law is based

indigent (adj) = very poor

indigence (n)

impoverish = To make indigent or poor
use = Excessive farming had impoverished the soil

impoverished (adj)
1 very poor:
She’s going out with an impoverished young actor.

2 weakened or made worse in quality:
He warned that the breakdown of the family unit would lead to an impoverished society.

inborn (adj) = describes a mental or physical characteristic that is possessed from birth:

Use: Apparently some people have an inborn tendency to develop certain kinds of tumour.
She seems to have an inborn talent for physics.

More Quant Tips…

1. If n is even , n(n+1)(n+2) is divisible by 24
If n is any integer , n^2 + 4 is not divisible by 4
2. Given the coordinates (a,b) (c,d) (e,f) (g,h) of a parallelogram , the coordinates of the meeting point of the diagonals can be found out by solving for
[(a+e)/2,(b+f)/2] =[ (c+g)/2 , (d+h)/2]
3. Area of a triangle
1/2*base*altitude = 1/2*a*b*sinC = 1/2*b*c*sinA = 1/2*c*a*sinB = root(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)) where s=a+b+c/2
=a*b*c/(4*R) where R is the CIRCUMRADIUS of the triangle = r*s ,where r is the inradius of the triangle .
In any triangle
a=b*CosC + c*CosB
b=c*CosA + a*CosC
c=a*CosB + b*CosA
4. If a1/b1 = a2/b2 = a3/b3 = ………….. , then each ratio is equal to
(k1*a1+ k2*a2+k3*a3+…………..) / (k1*b1+ k2*b2+k3*b3+…………..) , which is also equal to
(a1+a2+a3+…………./b1+b2+b3+……….)
5. (7)In any triangle
a/SinA = b/SinB =c/SinC=2R , where R is the circumradius
6. x^n -a^n = (x-a)(x^(n-1) + x^(n-2) + …….+ a^(n-1) ) ……Very useful for finding multiples .For example (17-14=3 will be a multiple of 17^3 – 14^3)
7. e^x = 1 + (x)/1! + (x^2)/2! + (x^3)/3! + ……..to infinity
2 < e =0
else |a|+|b| >= |a+b|

25. 2<= (1+1/n)^n <=3

26. WINE and WATER formula:

If Q be the volume of a vessel
q qty of a mixture of water and wine be removed each time from a mixture
n be the number of times this operation be done
and A be the final qty of wine in the mixture
then ,
A/Q = (1-q/Q)^n

27.
Area of a regular hexagon = (root(3) * 3 * (side)^2)/2
28.
(1+x)^n ~ (1+nx) if x<<<1
29. Some Pythagorean triplets:

3,4,5 (3^2=4+5)
5,12,13 (5^2=12+13)
7,24,25 (7^2=24+25)
8,15,17 (8^2 / 2 = 15+17 )
9,40,41 (9^2=40+41)
11,60,61 (11^2=60+61)
12,35,37 (12^2 / 2 = 35+37)
16,63,65 (16^2 /2 = 63+65)
20,21,29(EXCEPTION)

30. Apollonius theorem could be applied to the 4 triangles formed in a parallelogram.

31.
Area of a trapezium = 1/2 * (sum of parallel sides) * height = median * height
where median is the line joining the midpoints of the oblique sides.
32.
When a three digit number is reversed and the difference of these two numbers is taken , the middle number is always 9 and the sum of the other two numbers is always 9 .
33.
Any function of the type y=f(x)=(ax-b)/(bx-a) is always of the form x=f(y) .
34. Let W be any point inside a rectangle ABCD .
Then
WD^2 + WB^2 = WC^2 + WA^2

Let a be the side of an equilateral triangle. Then if three circles be drawn inside
this triangle touching each other then each has a radius = a/(2*(root(3)+1))

35.
Let ‘x’ be certain base in which the representation of a number is ‘abcd’ , then the decimal value of this number is a*x^3 + b*x^2 + c*x + d

36.
When you multiply each side of the inequality by -1, you have to reverse the direction of the inequality.
37.
To find the squares of numbers from 50 to 59
For 5X^2 , use the formulae
(5X)^2 = 5^2 +X / X^2
E.g. (55^2) = 25+5 /25
=3025
(56)^2 = 25+6/36
=3136
(59)^2 = 25+9/81
=3481
38. a+b+(ab/100)
This is used for successive discounts types of sums.
Like in 1999 population increases by 10% and then in 2000 by 5%
So the population in 2000 now is 10+5+(50/100)=+15.5% more that was in 1999
and if there is a decrease then it will be preceded by a negetive sign and likewise.

Keyboard Shortcuts, Microsoft Word

Keyboard Shortcuts, Microsoft Word

Keyboard Shortcuts Result in Microsoft Word

CTRL and A Selects all in the current document.
CTRL and B Bold text.
CTRL and C Copies the item or text to the Clipboard and can be pasted using CTRL and V.
CTRL and D Displays the Font dialogue box.
CTRL and E Centre Alignment.
CTRL and F Displays the Find dialog box, to search the current document.
CTRL and G Displays the Go to dialog box, to go to a specific location in the current document.
CTRL and H Displays the Replace dialogue box.
CTRL and I Italic text.
CTRL and J Full Justification.
CTRL and K Create Hyperlink
CTRL and L Left Alignment
CTRL and M Tab
CTRL and N Creates a new document.
CTRL and O Displays the Open File dialogue box.
CTRL and P Displays the Print dialog box.
CTRL and R Right Alignment.
CTRL and S Displays the Save dialog box.
CTRL and U Underline text
CTRL and V Pastes the copied item or text from the Clipboard into the current position in the document.
CTRL and X Cuts the item or text selected to the Clipboard.
CTRL and Y Redo the last undone action.
CTRL and Z Undoes the last action.
CTRL and ENTER Insert Page Break.
CTRL and F2 Show Print preview.
CTRL and F4 Closes the active document window.
CTRL and F6 Opens the next document window.

Keyboard Shortcuts Result in Microsoft Word
F1 key Get help or use the Office assistant.
SHIFT and F1 Key Context sensitive help.
F2 Key Move text or image.
SHIFT and F2 Key Copy Text.
F3 Key Insert an autotext entry.
SHIFT and F3 Key Change the case of the selected text.
F4 Key Perform last action again.
SHIFT and F4 Key Perform a Find or Go to action again.
F5 Key Displays the Go to dialogue box, from here you can also Find and Replace.
SHIFT and F5 Key Move to a previous revision.
F6 Key Go to the next frame or pane.
SHIFT and F6 Key Go to the previous frame or pane.
F7 Key Launch the Spell checker.
SHIFT and F7 Key Launch the Thesaurus.
F8 Key Extend the current selection.
SHIFT and F8 Key Shrink the current selection.
F9 Key Update the selected fields.
SHIFT and F9 Key Switch between a field code and it’s result.
F10 Key Activate the menu bar.
SHIFT and F10 Key Display a Shortcut Menu. Same as right clicking.
F11 Key Go to the next field.
SHIFT and F11 Key Go to the previous field.
F12 Key Save file As, equivalent to tools menu.
SHIFT and F12 Key Save document, equivalent to tools menu

Useful Run Commands

Useful Run Commands:

Below are the most frequently used Run Commands:

25 Quant Tips

1. To find the number of factors of a given number, express the number as a product of powers of prime numbers.
In this case, 48 can be written as 16 * 3 = (2^4 * 3)
Now, increment the power of each of the prime numbers by 1 and multiply the result.
In this case it will be (4 + 1)*(1 + 1) = 5 * 2 = 10 (the power of 2 is 4 and the power of 3 is 1)
Therefore, there will 10 factors including 1 and 48. Excluding, these two numbers, you will have 10 – 2 = 8 factors.

2. The sum of first n natural numbers = n (n+1)/2
The sum of squares of first n natural numbers is n (n+1)(2n+1)/6
The sum of first n even numbers= n (n+1).
The sum of first n odd numbers= n^2

3. To find the squares of numbers near numbers of which squares are known
To find 41^2, Add 40+41 to 1600 = 1681
To find 59^2, Subtract 60^2-(60+59) = 3481

4. If an equation (i: e f(x) =0) contains all positive co-efficient of any powers of x , it has no positive roots then.
e.g.: x^4+3x^2+2x+6=0 has no positive roots.

5. For an equation f(x)=0 , the maximum number of positive roots it can have is the number of sign changes in f(x) ; and the maximum number of negative roots it can have is the number of sign changes in f(-x) .
Hence the remaining is the minimum number of imaginary roots of the equation (Since we also know that the index of the maximum power of x is the number of roots of an equation.)

6. For a cubic equation ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=o
sum of the roots = – b/a
sum of the product of the roots taken two at a time = c/a
product of the roots = -d/a

7. For a bi-quadratic equation ax^4+bx^3+cx^2+dx+e = 0
sum of the roots = – b/a
sum of the product of the roots taken three at a time = c/a
sum of the product of the roots taken two at a time = -d/a
product of the roots = e/a

8. If for two numbers x+y=k (=constant), then their PRODUCT is MAXIMUM if
x=y (=k/2). The maximum product is then (k^2)/4

9. If for two numbers x*y=k (=constant), then their SUM is MINIMUM if
x=y (=root (k)). The minimum sum is then 2*root (k).

10. Product of any two numbers = Product of their HCF and LCM.
Hence product of two numbers = LCM of the numbers if they are prime to each other.

11. For any regular polygon , the sum of the exterior angles is equal to 360 degrees
Hence measure of any external angle is equal to 360/n. (where n is the number of sides)
For any regular polygon, the sum of interior angles =(n-2)180 degrees
So measure of one angle in
Square =90
Pentagon =108
Hexagon =120
Heptagon =128.5
Octagon =135
Nonagon =140
Decagon = 144

12. If any parallelogram can be inscribed in a circle, it must be a rectangle.

13. If a trapezium can be inscribed in a circle it must be an isosceles trapezium (i:e oblique sides equal).

14. For an isosceles trapezium, sum of a pair of opposite sides is equal in length to the sum of the other pair of opposite sides. (i:e AB+CD = AD+BC , taken in order) .

15. Area of a regular hexagon : root(3)*3/2*(side)*(side)
16. For any 2 numbers a>b

a>AM>GM>HM>b (where AM, GM ,HM stand for arithmetic, geometric , harmonic menasa respectively)
(GM)^2 = AM * HM

17. For three positive numbers a, b ,c
(a+b+c) * (1/a+1/b+1/c)>=9

18. For any positive integer n
2<= (1+1/n)^n = ab+bc+ca
If a=b=c , then the equality holds in the above.
a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4 >=4abcd

20. (n!)^2 > n^n (! for factorial)

21. If a+b+c+d=constant, then the product a^p * b^q * c^r * d^s will be maximum
if a/p = b/q = c/r = d/s .

22. Consider the two equations

a1x+b1y=c1
a2x+b2y=c2

Then ,
If a1/a2 = b1/b2 = c1/c2 , then we have infinite solutions for these equations.
If a1/a2 = b1/b2 c1/c2 , then we have no solution for these equations.( means not equal to )
If a1/a2 b1/b2 , then we have a unique solutions for these equations..

23. For any quadrilateral whose diagonals intersect at right angles , the area of the quadrilateral is
0.5*d1*d2, where d1,d2 are the lengths of the diagonals.

24. Problems on clocks can be tackled as assuming two runners going round a circle , one 12 times as fast as the other . That is ,
the minute hand describes 6 degrees /minute
the hour hand describes 1/2 degrees /minute .
Thus the minute hand describes 5(1/2) degrees more than the hour hand per minute .

25. The hour and the minute hand meet each other after every 65(5/11) minutes after being together at midnight.

Vocab…..!

uncanny (adj)
strange or mysterious; difficult or impossible to explain:
Use : an uncanny resemblance
Attacks on srilankan cricketers in pakistan has an uncanny resemblance with the 26/11 mumbai attacks

uncannily (adv)
Her predictions turned out to be uncannily accurate.

hypocrisy (n) = deceiving , two-faced
when someone pretends to believe something that they do not really believe or that is the opposite of what they do or say at another time:
There’s one rule for her and another rule for everyone else and it’s sheer hypocrisy.

hypocrite (n)
He’s a hypocrite – he’s always lecturing other people on the environment but he drives around in a huge great car.

hypocritical (adj)
Their accusations of corruption are hypocritical – they have been just as corrupt themselves.

hypocritically (adv)

tract (LAND) (n)
1 a large area of land:

Use : The house is surrounded by vast tracts of woodland.

2 US a measured area of land that is used for a particular purpose, such as building houses or digging for oil:
Use : The new company headquarters will be built on a 132-acre tract in Irving.

tract (WRITING) (n)
a short piece of writing, especially on a religious or political subject, which is intended to influence other people’s opinions:
a moral/religious/socialist tract
Use : Have you read John Milton’s tracts on divorce?

auxiliary (adj)
giving help or support, especially to a more important person or thing:
auxiliary staff/nurses

auxiliary (n)
1 [C] a person whose job is to give help or support to other workers:
semi-skilled auxiliaries

2 [C usually plural] a soldier of one country who fights for another country

exorbitant (adj)
Exorbitant prices and demands, etc. are much too large:
Use : The bill for dinner was exorbitant.

exorbitant = expensive, greater than reasonable
use = exorbitant prices

contention (DISAGREEMENT)
noun [U]
the disagreement that results from opposing arguments:

Use: There’s a lot of contention about that issue – for every person firmly in favour, there’s someone fiercely against it.
The matter has been settled – it’s no longer in contention.
See also contention at contend (COMPETE).

contentious (adj)
causing or likely to cause disagreement:
a contentious decision/policy/issue/subject
Use : She has some rather contentious views on education.

unimpeachable (adj)
describes a personal quality of honesty and morality that is so complete that it cannot be doubted or criticized:
Use : Lord Fletcher, said the Bishop, was a man of unimpeachable integrity and character.

belabour (v)
1 UK (US belabor) to explain something more than necessary:

Use : There’s no need to belabour the point – you don’t need to keep reminding me.

assail (v)
1 [T] to attack someone violently or criticize someone strongly:

Use: The victim had been assailed with repeated blows to the head and body.
He was assailed with insults and abuse as he left the court.

2 [T often passive] to cause someone to experience a lot of unpleasant things:
to be assailed by doubts/fears/problems

listless (adj)
lacking energy and enthusiasm and unwilling to do anything needing effort:
Use : He’s been listless and a bit depressed ever since he got his exam results.

penury (n)
the state of being extremely poor
Use : the painter lived in penury