Vcab…!!

profligate (adj) FORMAL
wasteful with money:

Use : She is well-known for her profligate spending habits.

profligacy noun

Use : The profligacy of the West shocked him.

–

sundry (adj)

several different; various:
Use : Sundry distant relatives, most of whom I hardly recognized, turned up for my brother’s wedding.

sundries noun
various different small items which are considered together, usually because they are not important enough to be considered separately:

Use : There’s an item on the hotel bill for sundries.

–

aplomb noun
confidence and style:

Use : Rosalind conducted the meeting with characteristic aplomb/with her usual aplomb.

—

astute (adj)
clever and quick to see how to take advantage of a situation:
Use : an astute investor/businesswoman
his astute handling of the situation
an astute observer of human behaviour

—

foible noun
a strange habit or characteristic that is seen as harmless and unimportant:

Use : We all have our little foibles.

Synonyms: characteristic, defect, eccentricity, failing, fault, frailty, idiosyncrasy, infirmity, kink, mannerism, oddity, peculiarity, quirk, shortcoming, singularity, vice, weak point, weakness

—

broth noun
a thin soup, often with vegetables or rice in it:

Use : chicken/turkey/beef broth

—

fray around/at the edges
to start to become less effective or successful:

Use : Without the unifying forces of the army and the monarchy, it seems, the nation would begin to fray at the edges.

fray (ANNOYED) verb [I]
If your temper frays or your nerves fray, you gradually become upset or annoyed:

USe : Tempers frayed as thousands of motorists began the Christmas holiday with long waits in traffic jams.

frayed adj
The whole experience left me with frayed nerves (= feeling anxious).

fray (CLOTH) verb [I or T]
to become or to cause the threads in cloth or rope to become slightly separated, forming loose threads at the edge or end:

Use : Denim frays so easily.
I’d frayed the edges of my jeans as that was the fashion in those days.

frayed adjective

with the threads at the edge coming loose:
USe : frayed cuffs

—

pelvis noun [C]
the bones which form a bowl-shaped structure in the area below the waist at the top of the legs, and to which the leg bones and spine are joined

pelvic adj
the pelvic region/area

—

glean verb [T]
to collect information in small amounts and often with difficulty:

Use : From what I was able to glean, the news isn’t good.
They’re leaving on Tuesday – I managed to glean that much (from them).

—

fang noun [C]
a long sharp tooth:

Use : The dog growled and bared its fangs.

—
cajole verb

to persuade someone to do something they might not want to do, by pleasant talk and (sometimes false) promises:

Use : He really knows how to cajole people into doing what he wants.
I managed to cajole her out of leaving too early.
The most effective technique is to cajole rather than to threaten.

—

sphinx noun [C] plural sphinx or sphinxes

1 an ancient imaginary creature with a lion’s body and a woman’s head

2 the Sphinx a large stone statue with a lion’s body and a person’s head, found in the desert near Cairo in Egypt

–

carte blanche noun [S or U]
complete freedom to do something:
[+ to infinitive] Her husband has given her carte blanche to redecorate the living room.

—

Vocab…

terse (adj)
using few words, sometimes in a way that seems rude or unfriendly:

Use : “Are you feeling any better?” “No, ” was the terse reply.
His answers were as terse as his folded arms in a press conference

tersely (adv)

terseness (n)

–

eloquent (adj)
giving a clear, strong message:

Use : She made an eloquent appeal for action before it was too late.
Use : The pictures were an eloquent reminder of the power of the volcano.

eloquently (adv)
He spoke eloquently.

eloquence (noun)
She was renowned for her eloquence and beauty.

–
surreal (adj)

strange; not like reality; like a dream:

USe : Driving through the total darkness was a slightly surreal experience.
Buñuel’s films have a surreal quality.

Surrealism (noun)

Use : a type of 20th century art and literature in which unusual or impossible things are shown happening

Surrealist noun [C], adjective SPECIALIZED

surrealistic adjective
not like reality; very unusual or impossible

–

perch (SIT) verb

perch in/on, etc. sth to sit on or near the edge of something:

Use : We perched on bar stools and had a beer.
A blackbird was perching on the gate.

2 to be in a high position or in a position near the edge of something, or to put something in this position:
The village is perched on top of a high hill.

perch
noun [C] plural perch or US ALSO perches
1 a place where a bird sits, especially a thin rod in a cage

2 a seat or other place high up, often giving a good view of something below:
We watched the parade from our perch on the scaffolding.

–
sullen (adj)

angry and unwilling to smile or be pleasant to people:

Use : His daughters stared back at him with an expression of sullen resentment.
LITERARY She looked up at the sullen (= dark and unpleasant) sky and shuddered.

sullenly (adv)

She turned her back to him and stared sullenly out of the window.

sullenness Show phonetics
noun [U]

–

aficionado noun [C] plural aficionados FORMAL
someone who is very interested in and enthusiastic about a particular subject:

Use : a club for model railway aficionados
Use : an aficionado of French films

–

deadpan (adj)
looking or seeming serious when you are telling a joke:

Use : a deadpan expression/voice

–

ambivalent (adj)
having two opposing feelings at the same time, or being uncertain about how you feel:

Use : I felt very ambivalent about leaving home.
He has fairly ambivalent feelings towards his father.
an ambivalent attitude to exercise

ambivalence
noun [U]
Use : her ambivalence towards men

ambivalently
adverb

Dead Cat Bounce

A dead cat bounce is a term used mainly by traders in the finance industry to describe a pattern wherein a spectacular decline in the price of a stock is immediately followed by a moderate and temporary rise before resuming its downward movement, with the connotation that the rise was not an indication of improving circumstances in the fundamentals of the stock. It is derived from the notion that “even a dead cat will bounce if it falls from a great height”.

This is the word which describes the current Stocks trend.

Vocab…..

repressive

• adjective inhibiting or restraining personal freedom; oppressive.

repress (verb)

1 to not allow something, especially feelings, to be expressed:
Use : He repressed a sudden desire to cry.

2 to control what people do, especially by using force

repressed (adj)
repressed anger/sexuality

Use : English people are notoriously repressed and don’t talk about their feelings.

repression (noun)
1 when people are controlled severely, especially by force:

Use : The political repression in this country is enforced by terror.

2 the process and effect of keeping particular thoughts and desires out of your conscious mind in order to defend or protect it:
an attitude of unhealthy sexual repression

repressive (adj)

a repressive (= cruel) military regime
sexually repressive

—-

Friable
1. easily crumbled.

—

toothsome

• adjective 1 (of food) temptingly tasty. 2 informal attractive; alluring.

—

tractable (adj). (formal) easy to deal with or control

syn manageable:

Use : This approach helps to make the issues more tractable.

opp intractable

—

persuade (verb)

1.to make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it or by talking to them and making them believe it:

Use : If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her.

[+ (that)] It’s no use trying to persuade him (that) you’re innocent.
[+ to infinitive] He is trying to persuade local and foreign businesses to invest in the project.
Using a bunch of bananas, the zoo-keeper persuaded the monkey back into its cage.

FORMAL The first priority is to persuade the management of the urgency of this matter.
Her legal advisers persuaded her into/out of mentioning (= to mention/not to mention) the names of the people involved in the robbery.

persuasion (noun) [U]
It took a lot of persuasion to convince the committee of the advantages of the new scheme.
She will help you – she just needs a bit of gentle persuasion.
The occasion will be a test of the senator’s powers of persuasion (= his ability to persuade people).

persuasive (adj)

making you want to do or believe a particular thing:
a persuasive speaker/speech
Your arguments are very persuasive.
He can be very persuasive.

—

obdurate (adj). (formal, usually disapproving)
1.refusing to change your mind or your actions in any way

syn stubborn:

Use: an obdurate attitude
to remain obdurate
Some members of the committee are likely to prove obdurate on this matter.

—

pliant (adj).
1 (of a person or their body) soft and giving way to sb, especially in a sexual way:
Use : her pliant body
She lay pliant in his arms.

2 (sometimes disapproving) willing to accept change; easy to influence or control:

Use : He was deposed and replaced by a more pliant successor.
The government wanted to make the press more pliant.

Vocab…

1.Tardy (adjective)
1.  delaying or delayed beyond the right or expected time; late.
2 . slow in action or response.
3. slow or late in happening or arriving:

Use:  Dinner is getting delayed on account of my room mate’s tardy arrival every time.

—

2.Despot (noun)
1. a ruler with absolute power, especially one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way.

despotic (adj)
2 .a despotic government/regime

despotism (n)
Use :  After years of despotism, the country is now moving towards democracy.

3.unseemly = unbecoming, improper
use = unseemly attire

4.antagonist = an opponent, rival, adversary
use = the antagonist was finally defeated

5.gentry = class of people
use = the local gentry

6.decimate = destroy
use = populations of endangered animals have been decimated

7.seniority = privilege due to length of service
use = promotion will be based on seniority

8.rote = Repetition as a means of learning them
use = rote learning

9.agape = openmouthed, wonder
use = We watched, our mouths agape in excitement

10.alienate = estrange, antagonize
use = to alienate someone

11.pervert = to cause to change in immoral way, to misuse
use = Her ideas have been shamelessly perverted to serve the president’s propaganda campaign

12.inclusive = comprehensive
use = the price is inclusive of taxes

Vocab…

stellar (adj)
1 of a star or stars:

Use : a stellar explosion
stellar light

2 INFORMAL describes people or their activities that are of an extremely high standard:
Use : a stellar performance by rock band made the show a hit

—
scale (CLIMB) verb [T]
to climb up a steep surface, such as a wall or the side of a mountain, often using special equipment:

Use : The prisoner scaled the high prison wall and ran off.

—

discerning (adj) FORMAL APPROVING
showing good judgement, especially about style and quality:
Use: a discerning customer

—

observant (adj)
good or quick at noticing things:

Use : “That’s a new dress, isn’t it?” “Yes, you are observant!”

—

resort (ACTION) noun [U]
when you have to do something because there is no other way of achieving something:

Use : He got hold of the money legally, without resort to violence.

—-

confront Show phonetics
verb [T]
to face, meet or deal with a difficult situation or person:

Use: As she left the court, she was confronted by angry crowds who tried to block her way.
It’s an issue we’ll have to confront at some point, no matter how unpleasant it is.
I thought I would remain calm, but when I was confronted with/by the TV camera, I became very nervous.

confrontation noun [C or U]
a fight or argument:

Use : She actually enjoys confrontation, whereas I prefer a quiet life.
There were violent confrontations between police and demonstrators.

confrontational Show phonetics
adjective
He’s got a rather aggressive, confrontational manner.

lexicon

vendetta = grudge, feud
use = a personal vendetta

tutelage = guardianship
use = under the tutelage of

ludicrous = absurd, laughable
use = a ludicrous idea

disabuse = correct, to free from a misconception
use = He thought that all women liked children, but she soon disabused him of that idea

defer = postpone, to submit or yield
use = I defer to your judgment.

inert = inactive
use = The dog lay inert on the sofa

dehydrate = dry out
use = feeling dehydrated

congeal = solidify, as a liquid freezing, to become thick or solid
use = The blood had congealed in thick black clots

pander = cater to people’s baser instincts
use = It’s not good the way she panders to his every whim

pedestrian = common, unimaginative
use = he wrote page after page of pedestrian prose

Vocab…^

squander (verb) =
to spend or use money or supplies in a wasteful way, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage:

Use : They’ll quite happily squander a whole year’s savings on two weeks in the sun.
Ireland squandered several chances, including a penalty that cost them the game.

jurisprudence (n)
the study of law and the principles on which law is based

indigent (adj) = very poor

indigence (n)

impoverish = To make indigent or poor
use = Excessive farming had impoverished the soil

impoverished (adj)
1 very poor:
She’s going out with an impoverished young actor.

2 weakened or made worse in quality:
He warned that the breakdown of the family unit would lead to an impoverished society.

inborn (adj) = describes a mental or physical characteristic that is possessed from birth:

Use: Apparently some people have an inborn tendency to develop certain kinds of tumour.
She seems to have an inborn talent for physics.

Vocab…..!

uncanny (adj)
strange or mysterious; difficult or impossible to explain:
Use : an uncanny resemblance
Attacks on srilankan cricketers in pakistan has an uncanny resemblance with the 26/11 mumbai attacks

uncannily (adv)
Her predictions turned out to be uncannily accurate.

hypocrisy (n) = deceiving , two-faced
when someone pretends to believe something that they do not really believe or that is the opposite of what they do or say at another time:
There’s one rule for her and another rule for everyone else and it’s sheer hypocrisy.

hypocrite (n)
He’s a hypocrite – he’s always lecturing other people on the environment but he drives around in a huge great car.

hypocritical (adj)
Their accusations of corruption are hypocritical – they have been just as corrupt themselves.

hypocritically (adv)

tract (LAND) (n)
1 a large area of land:

Use : The house is surrounded by vast tracts of woodland.

2 US a measured area of land that is used for a particular purpose, such as building houses or digging for oil:
Use : The new company headquarters will be built on a 132-acre tract in Irving.

tract (WRITING) (n)
a short piece of writing, especially on a religious or political subject, which is intended to influence other people’s opinions:
a moral/religious/socialist tract
Use : Have you read John Milton’s tracts on divorce?

auxiliary (adj)
giving help or support, especially to a more important person or thing:
auxiliary staff/nurses

auxiliary (n)
1 [C] a person whose job is to give help or support to other workers:
semi-skilled auxiliaries

2 [C usually plural] a soldier of one country who fights for another country

exorbitant (adj)
Exorbitant prices and demands, etc. are much too large:
Use : The bill for dinner was exorbitant.

exorbitant = expensive, greater than reasonable
use = exorbitant prices

contention (DISAGREEMENT)
noun [U]
the disagreement that results from opposing arguments:

Use: There’s a lot of contention about that issue – for every person firmly in favour, there’s someone fiercely against it.
The matter has been settled – it’s no longer in contention.
See also contention at contend (COMPETE).

contentious (adj)
causing or likely to cause disagreement:
a contentious decision/policy/issue/subject
Use : She has some rather contentious views on education.

unimpeachable (adj)
describes a personal quality of honesty and morality that is so complete that it cannot be doubted or criticized:
Use : Lord Fletcher, said the Bishop, was a man of unimpeachable integrity and character.

belabour (v)
1 UK (US belabor) to explain something more than necessary:

Use : There’s no need to belabour the point – you don’t need to keep reminding me.

assail (v)
1 [T] to attack someone violently or criticize someone strongly:

Use: The victim had been assailed with repeated blows to the head and body.
He was assailed with insults and abuse as he left the court.

2 [T often passive] to cause someone to experience a lot of unpleasant things:
to be assailed by doubts/fears/problems

listless (adj)
lacking energy and enthusiasm and unwilling to do anything needing effort:
Use : He’s been listless and a bit depressed ever since he got his exam results.

penury (n)
the state of being extremely poor
Use : the painter lived in penury

Vocab…..!

aquiline (adj)
of or like an eagle:
Use :an aquiline nose (= a nose curved like an eagle’s beak)
aquiline features (= a face with this type of nose)

bovine (adj)

1 SPECIALIZED connected with cows:
Use : a bovine virus

2 slow or stupid in a way that a cow is thought to be:
Use : He had a gentle, rather bovine expression.